Baghdad, Iraq — In 2024, Iraq stands at a crossroads as the nation experiences a surge of hope intertwined with significant challenges. The country has observed unprecedented unity among its diverse factions, leading to peaceful provincial council elections for the first time in a decade and the smooth establishment of local governments. The Kurdistan Regional Government also conducted its parliamentary elections without incident, marking a milestone in regional stability.
Economic Growth and Population Boom
Iraq’s economy has witnessed rapid growth beyond its oil sector. Large-scale infrastructure projects are underway, including roads, railways, water treatment facilities, schools, and power grids. The nation conducted its first population census in 37 years, revealing a population exceeding 45 million, highlighting a significant demographic dividend poised to fuel future development.
The Emergence of Resistance Groups
Despite these advancements, two phrases have dominated the national conversation: “resistance groups” and “U.S. military bases.” Following regional conflicts that escalated in late 2023, Iraqi Shia militia groups formed the Islamic Resistance, expressing solidarity with regional allies and opposing foreign military presence. These groups, including Kata’ib Hezbollah and Harakat al-Nujaba, have evolved from fighting extremist threats to becoming influential political and military forces within Iraq.
Escalating Tensions with U.S. Forces
Over the past year, the Islamic Resistance has increased its activities, targeting U.S. military facilities in Iraq and neighboring Syria. Citing biases in regional conflicts, these groups carried out numerous drone and rocket attacks. The United States responded with airstrikes against militia targets, leading to heightened tensions. The Iraqi government condemned these unilateral actions, viewing them as violations of national sovereignty.
Calls for U.S. Troop Withdrawal
Public outcry and parliamentary resolutions have intensified calls for the withdrawal of foreign troops. In response, the Iraqi government and the United States issued a joint statement announcing that the coalition mission against extremist groups would conclude by September 2025. The mission will transition to a bilateral security partnership aimed at supporting Iraqi forces.
Challenges Ahead
Iraq faces the complex task of balancing sovereignty, security, and diplomatic relations. The government’s challenge lies in coordinating various internal and external forces to maintain political stability. As regional dynamics continue to evolve, Iraq’s decisions in the coming months will significantly shape its future trajectory.
Reference(s):
Iraq 2024: Rise of 'resistance' groups and potential U.S. withdrawal
cgtn.com
